Cameras

Miniature and Subminiature Cameras

Perhaps because I don’t like carrying things in my hands or in bags slung over my shoulder, miniature cameras have always appealed to me. The patriarch of the subminiature must have been the Minox, conceived in the late 1920s, and invented in the 1930s by a Latvian craftsman, Walter Zapp. He developed and improved the tiny Minox that became the prototypical “Spy” camera of the Second World War and into the  cold war of the mid 1900s.  Minox used a special 9.5 mm film that available in readily insertable cassettes.  Perhaps most unique of the subminiatures is the Tessina, developed in 1956. It was more square in shape but used 35mm film respooled to fit the camera and could be readily concealed in a cigarette pack.  Except for the Olympus Pen-F and the Jules Richard Verascope, each of the cameras exhibited here will easily fit into a shirt or jacket pocket.


Stereo Cameras

Very early in the development of photography, photographers and viewers began to yearn for even more realism in the form of a three-dimensional or stereo view.  Stereoscopy is achieved in human vision by the separation of the two eyes giving each a slight different view of an object. The visual cerebral cortex then fuses the two slightly disparate views within into a single but stereoscopic image.  Similarly, a camera can also be made with two lens separated sufficiently to register two a similar, slightly different, views of the same object.  These can then be simultaneously viewed enabling the viewer to “fuse” the two images into one stereoscopic view.


Special Interest Cameras

Most of these exhibited cameras hold some special interest to me and others also have a unique place in the history.  Although the earliest camera often were box like in shape and construction, my interest in Box Cameras, lays with the small simple box cameras of the early 20th Century, such as the classical Kodak Brownie that began to be manufactured in the late 19th century. Portable, uncomplicated with easy to develop film, these early box cameras brought photography to the general public.  I am particularly take with the mini box cameras that used 127 roll film and measured only a few inches on a side.